by Samantha Mickan | Jun 25, 2018 | Environment, Download PDF:ISPL Insight WA unique biodiversity. Richard Fuller: My own conservation philosophy is that the world becomes a poorer place every time we lose a species from it. SW Western Australia is one of the world's major biodiversity hotspots. 44-50. The loss of wetlands that began in 1829, and continues into the present day, is a deciding factor in Perth being able to retain its status as a biodiverse city. Mitsch and Gosselink describe wetland environments as falling between the cracks of two disciplines (Mitsch & Gosselink 2007). The habitat loss is so great that it will cause more extinctions than any other factor, the study notes, particularly when coupled with other deleterious effects of livestock production, including climate change and pollution. This website may contain names, images and voices of deceased Aboriginal and TorresStrait Islanderpeoples. WERE SITTING ON a jumbled pile of cracked, moss- and lichen-covered granite boulders on top of a hill overlooking the NSW town of Tumbarumba. The Act applies to environmental matters of national significance and provides for: identification and listing of threatened species and ecological communities Australia's environment laws have come under scrutiny since the interim report into the Environment Protection Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act, released in July, found that the Act is failing to curb our loss of habitat and species. But the incredible levels of biodiversity and endemism in this corner of Australia have presented something of a puzzle for researchers. They are not going to damage other species in those rainforests because theyve always been there. Robyn Williams: Biodiversity, a problem as shocking as climate change. Many factors are to blame for biodiversity loss, including wetlands destruction, damming and disruption of waterways, invasive species, exotic wildlife diseases and climate change.We also continue to develop more and more of our nation's terrestrial habitats. km of conservation-viable land. We choose in some areas to let natural regeneration take place. There have been periods in the Earth's long history when mass extinctions have occurred. More and more of Australias wildlife is disappearing and we seem to have a sad habit of changing laws and management practices after a species has gone, Trevor says. the ability for the Minister to agree to Biodiversity conservation agreements; the ability for the Director General of Parks and Wildlife to enter into Biodiversity Conservation Covenants with private landholders; and. Richard Fuller: I think there's no question that we've messed up almost every one of the Earth's planetary systems that govern the way nature works, and that means that intervention by us is often needed to keep things on an even keel or to return them to some kind of functional state. The Nature Positive Business Pledge, a new framework designed to support businesses to act on biodiversity loss and contribute towards nature restoration has launched today, with the support of major organisations in the infrastructure, transport, utilities and construction sectors.. Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is a term used to describe the variety of living things in the natural environment: the different plants, animals and micro-organisms; the genes they contain; and the ecosystems in which they occur. Richard Fuller: We spend a lot of time studying migratory birds, species that migrate from Australia up to the Arctic and back, and that has been a fascinating line of work, looking at the amazing migration journeys of these animals, the threats that they face along the way, and what could be done about those threats. Bringing farmers like Bruce and Mark on board for conservation is a key step in halting biodiversity decline and an important way to link fragmented habitats. Twenty-five kilometres north-west of the Murray River, the farm is near Albury, NSW. You have reached the end of the main content. Biodiversity is the variety of all living things on Earth, and how they fit together in the web of life, bringing oxygen, water, food and countless other benefits. That's a native bird but it has been declared a key threatening process by the Australian government in its role in disrupting other bird communities. Developed by a partnership of the UK Business & Biodiversity Forum, IEMA, RSPB, WSP, the Aldersgate Group and . Source: Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (Department of Parks and Wildlife Service), The south-west of the State has experienced significant impacts to biodiversity values from broad-scale land clearing for agriculture (especially in the 1920s to 1980s), expansion of urban areas, and development of infrastructure and use of natural resources. Recent reports and studies have . Richard Fuller: Yes, I would completely agree, and of course I think the former two are the driver of the third, in a sense. We missed [understanding] this here and thats why small mammals have been going extinct in northern Australia. The UN global assessment report painted a stark picture: the decline of the world's natural support systems means that human society is in danger.. It is already threatened by feral cats, foxes, development and shrinking supplies of bogong moths one of its major food sources. We also work extensively across a wide range of environments and climates around the world. We hope that we are leading by example in the way that we are managing it.. A new study reveal why this may be the case. Charles Darwin noted that the species richness here could be due to the fact this was a relatively wet pocket of land isolated by ocean to the west and the desert of the Nullarbor to the east. The research, published in the journal Science, found that human land use has driven down the population of many species to a dangerous extent across vast swathes of the planet. Yet the pressures placed on ecosystems from human impact and changing climate are increasing, with more species lost due to extinction. There is a similar sort of argument about rewilding bringing the wolves back to Yellowstone Park so that you cull some of the herbivores and allow the balance of nature to come back again. The kids are terrified of them. Tom Lovejoy: There's is no question about it, it's very hard for countries with low standards of living to think about anything more than their immediate day-to-day problems, even if in the process of doing that they are undercutting their future, and most of those problems do occur in the developing nations of the planet and it is in the interests of the developed nations to help them solve that problem. These trends are all shaped by other indirect . . Between 7 and 10% of all species on Earth are located in Australia, with 85% of Australia's plant species endemic to the continent. We overharvest resources which reduces both population sizes and genetic diversity of commercial species, such as fish. "I knew there were a lot of threatened species in Australia, but I didn't realise things were getting worse so quickly.". Richard Fuller: We study migration in fish and butterflies. Students learn about food webs at school. When we go away, theres such a beautiful feeling when we come back herethe smells and fragrances at different times of year, or when its wet it helps you get grounded and get rid of some of the stress of the city, Wayne says as we watch a horse cantering across a paddock far below. If you or your organisation have any questions regarding biodiversity protection or require any assistance in biodiversity restoration please contact Integrate Sustainability on 08 9468 0338 or enquiries@integratesustainability.com.au. We introduce exotic species which damage land and water resources and sometimes bring diseases with them. Richard Fuller: The fly spray comes out every now and then. Southwest Australia is recognised as one of the worlds 35 recognised biodiversity hotspots. You develop ownership of these little gliders. You have reached the end of the page. Its filled with resources that evolutionarily they are suited to eat, says Mike. Mikes proposal is certainly a bold and innovative idea and DECCW is exploring it with him, says Linda Broome. The states south-west, in particular, has some of the richest diversity of plants and animals on earth. The Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions ( DBCA) is the Western Australian government department responsible for managing lands and waters described in the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984, the Rottnest Island Authority Act 1987, the Swan and Canning Rivers Management Act 2006, the Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority Australia is one of seven countries responsible for more than half of global biodiversity loss, according to a study published today. The World Wildlife Fund argues that Perth may be the wildlife capital of the world, with over 2,100 plant species, 15 amphibian species and 156 native birds , with seasonal influxes from visiting seabirds and migrating shorebirds (World Wildlife Fund 2013). In terms of bang for the buck, we get the most results for the least effort by conserving this corridor, Ian says. They identified key pressures on biodiversity loss to be agricultural development and increasing population. Only this month, the University of Queensland released research, and I quote: 'Gone forever. Its better that we try [Mikes] method now, than wish we had in 10 years time. Conservation efforts need to be coordinated so together they produce the best chances for the survival of plants and animals which have evolved for specific ecological conditions and have little tolerance when those conditions are altered. 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Weve got to look at very large landscape scalesso that we dont lose the species that are [still healthy].. Western Australia's unique biodiversity Western Australia's globally unique biodiversity Western Australia (WA) has a globally unique biodiversity characterised by significant regional endemism, meaning that we have plants and animals that only live in a particular location. Introduction of exotic plants and animals, and disease. The worst thing we can do is the nonsense of wildernessthere are few places on the planet that havent had humans managing them in some way, Mike says. When one is communicating to others or when one is trying to work out the worth of different species, I think we start to fall into really difficult territory. Wetlands are the most productive of all biological systems and support a heterogeneous range of wildlife, both aquatic and terrestrial (Jennings 1996). I know that you worked to some extent with Hugh Possingham who I think was the Queensland Chief Scientist last year, this year as well, and he came into an argument in South Australia talking about the need to cull koalas because in a certain area they were interfering with, say, the tree growth and suchlike. km sounds daunting. Speaking on a panel discussing biodiversity at the Association of Superannuation Funds of Australia Conference in Brisbane last week (21-23 February), Sawtell-Rickson was asked for her views on how carbon and biodiversity credits should be scrutinized to . Minerals are the building blocks of our planet. My guess is that Burramys will find any number of things to eat because theyve always been in lowland rainforest. Greater knowledge enables efficient decisions that take account of the needs and certainty of all stakeholders. The commission completed its report last July and the government sat on it until a . The introduction of new species is also a threat to Australia's biodiversity. But his plan is to try breeding the animals at ambient temperatures and then release them into a large outdoor enclosure at Secret Creek Sanctuary in Lithgow, NSW. We cause global warming by releasing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere, which will alter the nature of ecosystems everywhere. SW Western Australia is one of the worlds major biodiversity hotspots. Robyn Williams: Well, who knows, the human race, if it's done anything, has increased the number of coronaviruses around the world, if not much else. Institute for Global Change Biology, and School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Both State and Commonwealth regimes apply the mitigation hierarchy (Australian Government, 2012; The Government of Western Australia, 2011). Richard Fuller: You're welcome, thank you. Biodiversity is declining faster than at any time in human history. In other words, I love everything and every part of biodiversity, I think it's a crying shame and it's an irreversible loss when we lose that. One of the causes of increased levels of carbon dioxide is the burning of carbon-based fuels such as coal, oil and gas. Image copyright Holly Story, Black Swans (Cygnus atratus), Perth (WA), John Oldham Park, September 2006. When the environment changes down on the plains, it changes uniformly over a bigger area. The GER will create opportunities for species to move as climate changes. Robyn Williams: My final question, someone who is on one of your slides, Paul Ehrlich from Stanford University who has always for decades come across to Australia to study birds and various other creatures, and he has said that we've got several gigantic global problems at the moment, obviously climate change is one, population another, biodiversity the third, but not third in number but equal as a problem. E-cigarettes pose a triple threat to the environment, says Clean Up Australia waste report, Australian Geographic Society Expeditions, Entries now open for the Australian Geographic Nature Photographer of the Year competition, Environmentalists, Conservationists and Scientists. Its also revolutionised the way they manage their 356ha pastoral property, located in the foothills of the Great Dividing Range. Tom Lovejoy: Well, I'm not arguing that you can't use biological resources, in fact that's what is so wonderful about them, they make more themselves. What goes on there? As part of its Caring for Country initiative released in 2008 the Federal Government allocated $180 million to buy land, aiming to increase the National Reserve System from 11 per cent (890,000 sq. Draft A 100-year Biodiversity Conservation Strategy for Western Australia: Blueprint to the Bicentenary in 2029. Their property, which falls within the key Slopes to Summit area of the GER corridor, supports species such as the gang gang cockatoo and agile antechinus. "Native biodiversity is definitely improved by removing invasive plants and to a lesser extent invasive species.". National parks are the leftover bits, he says. Mining is only 0.2 per cent of that land area, says Mike. For them, the goal is to leave their land in a much better state than when they inherited it. Southwest Western Australia 2.1 During its visit to Western Australia (WA) on 7-8 November 2011, the Committee held a public hearing in Perth, before visiting various sites in the southwest corner of the state. Stephen believes that eucalypts and banksias in south-west WA have developed features that encourage birds to pollinate trees further away, thereby increasing genetic diversity of their seed. His work, starting in the 1980s, showed that birds tended to move between different trees to feed, rather than between flowers on the same tree. The new research will help explain why the region is so rich in endemic plants, Stephen says, while also revealing how so many of them can be found in geographically separated populations, where inbreeding should be rife, but its effects appear to be muted.. First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we But thank you Richard Fuller, and good luck with your work. Loss of species is a major threat to biodiversity in Australia. Western Australia (WA) has a globally unique biodiversity characterised by significant regional endemism, meaning that we have plants and animals that only live in a particular location. Australia ranks as the second worst of the group, with a biodiversity loss of 5-10%. Get all the latest science stories from across the ABC. ': Remote NT mayor questions response time for flood evacuations. "If you look at where we've had the greatest rates of faunal decline, where Australia has had the highest levels of reductions in our animals has been on the Nullarbor Plain," Mr Andrews told the ABC earlier this month. It helps us fight climate change and adapt to it as well reduce the impact of natural hazards. Some animals, such as cats and foxes, directly destroy native species. the ability for the Minister to make regulations for certain matters identified in the Act. This possum with the taxonomic name Burramys parvus is the only hibernating marsupial and inhabits the high alpine boulder fields of NSW and Victoria. Richard Fuller: We study lots of things, probably too many. He said that spending on conservation is worthwhile when it involves preserving habitat or targeting pests. Fauna is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. But we are just one of many species on Earth, and our demand for resources - land, water, food, and shelter - shapes the environment for other wildlife too. Established in 2002, we have a proven history in managing and delivering specialist environmental consulting services for . Massive land purchase for new national park back oBourke, Australian Geographic Society Expeditions, Entries now open for the Australian Geographic Nature Photographer of the Year competition, Environmentalists, Conservationists and Scientists. We acknowledge the traditional custodians throughout Western Australia and their continuing connection to, and deep knowledge of, the land and waters. It needs funding, but it could be the most exciting project of this kind in the world in terms of an innovative way to counter the unquestioned threat to the survival of a species through climate change, he says. For millennia, humans have been reshaping ecosystems, directly . Unless you understand the processes you may disadvantage the species by not supporting the processes that brought it into being in the first place, he told Australian Geographic. [The] challenge is not to prognosticate about the height of the piles of dead species that will litter the wayside of the future if we stick with current strategies. The Fuller Biodiversity Lab at the University of Queensland, Published: SatSat 25 Feb 2023 at 1:00am/with Robyn Williams, Published: 18 Feb 2023Sat 18 Feb 2023 at 1:00am/with Robyn Williams, Published: 11 Feb 2023Sat 11 Feb 2023 at 1:00am/with Robyn Williams, Published: 4 Feb 2023Sat 4 Feb 2023 at 1:00am. More than 80% of Australia's flowering plants and land mammals are endemic, as are 88% of our reptiles, 45% of our birds and 92% of our frogs. Development, with the protection of biodiversity, can only occur with robust scientific information. There is still time to act to reverse biodiversity loss and secure a nature-positive world by 2030, but urgency is needed. However, as a country, we are among the worst on biodiversity conservation, with a loss of 5-10% as noted in study between 1996 to 2008. The loss of wetlands that began in 1829, and continues into the present day, is a deciding factor in Perth being able to retain its status as a biodiverse city. It concludes that the condition of Australia's environment is "poor and deteriorating". Basically we are talking about how to sensibly use a finite resource, the landscape, in support of people. We see squirrel gliders the next day, but they have been trapped for an RTA-funded project monitoring highway populations and fitting poles to help the marsupials glide the 70 m needed to cross an otherwise insurmountable road barrier. Credit: M Hele. live, learn and work. In 2016 the Western Australian government passed the Biodiversity Conservation Act, which will eventually fully replace both the Wildlife Act 1950 and the Sandalwood Act 1929. About half of south-west WAs 8000 plant species are found nowhere else, as are many animals including the numbat, western swamp tortoise and honey possum which feeds on the nectar of flowering plants, such as banksias. Conservation, D. o. Within decades the impact will be felt on the worlds weather with more species likely finding new conditions unbearable. Environmental sustainability professor Barry Brook from the University of Tasmania said there were a number of pressures threatening biodiversity in Australia. ONE ALPINE SPECIES the GER may not be able to help is the mountain pygmy possum. Many farmers may be contributing to the landscape without even knowing it. On Monday the papers carried a Reuters report on destruction in the Amazon. This is a last chance decade for both biodiversity and climate: up to one million species are threatened by extinction . Biodiversity. In the past 20 years extinctions have also become common on continents. L-R: Sonya Sawtell-Rickson, CIO, Hesta; Adrian Ward, CEO, Accounting for Nature; Andrew Saunders, head of natural climate solutions, QIC. By subscribing you become an AG Society member, helping us to raise funds for conservation and adventure projects. Perth is the capital of the Southwest Australia Ecoregion, one of only 34 internationally recognised Biodiversity Hotspots (Conservation International 2010). Other landholders are putting conservation covenants on special patches of their property to protect them in perpetuity. 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