The colonialist French authorities have committed abuses and torture against Algerian civilians, according to Algerian historians and victims. The main culprit? who would win a war between morocco and algeria However, Morocco's ONEE was quick to assure in a statement that "the decision announced by the Algerian authorities not to renew the agreement on the Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline will currently have only a minimal impact on the performance of the national electricity system.". [33], On October 22, hundreds of Cuban troops arrived at Oran. Algeria also provided arms and training for Palestinian militants. November 2020 unleashed pandora's box following the military intervention in Guerguerat and Washington's recognition of Rabat's sovereignty over Western Sahara. New hurdles for rescuers at sea in the Mediterranean, Tunisia: Presidential scapegoating stokes fear and support, Canada Soccer president resigns amid equal pay dispute, Thousands of migrants have died in Southern Texas. [11][30] They possessed forty T-54 main battle tanks that they had purchased from the Soviet Union, twelve SU-100 tank destroyers, seventeen AMX-13s, and a fleet of gun-armed Panhard EBR armored cars. Progress on the issue has been at a standstill ever since Morocco and the Polisario Front signed a cease-fire agreement in 1991, but Rabat recently scored a few diplomatic wins, such as the United States move to recognise Moroccan sovereignty over the territory in late 2020. The United States has maintained friendly relations with Algeria throughout the political upheavals of recent years, and the country continues to seek out stronger economic and political ties. Federica Saini Fasanotti. Arab . Obviously, you (Continue reading) Progress on the issue has been at a standstill ever since Morocco and the Polisario Front signed a cease-fire agreement in 1991, but Rabat recently scored a few diplomatic wins, such as the United States' move to recognise Moroccan sovereignty over the territory in late 2020. For 2023, Algeria is ranked 26 of 145 out of the countries considered for the annual GFP review. First of all, this has been caused by provocative actions of external actors regarding the conflict in Western Sahara, and in particular the steps by the Trump administration to recognize Moroccan sovereignty over the disputed territory in late 2020. Egypt (possibly China) East. [38] On October 29, Hassan and Ben Bella met to negotiate in Bamako, Mali, joined by Emperor Selassie and Mali's President Modibo Keta. The Algerian War was very violent as hundreds of thousands were killed. And it does not help that Algiers embarked on an anything but brotherly arms race some 15 years ago that spurred Rabat to do the same, with Algeria buying up Russian-made military gear and Morocco turning to Western weapons suppliers. The Moroccan kingdoms proactive approach to diplomacy within African institutions has led, in a little over a year, several African countries to open consulates in Western Sahara. However, for Algeria, much is alsoat stakeif they can't meet the demand. These developments were all it took for both countries media outlets to launch into virulent and often insulting smear campaigns against the opposing side. 24 Feb 2023. "Algeria, The Maghreb Union, and the Western Sahara Stalemate. "The Western Sahara dossier is the bargaining chip that shapes tensions between Algiers and Rabat," Ghebouli told Al Jazeera.. So, it is quite a risky position to take.". In short, Mohammed VI, the supreme commander and chief of general staff of the Royal Armed Forces (FAR), appears bent on using military force to defend the kingdoms claims to what it considers its so-called "southern provinces", the term used by Morocco'sgovernment for the section of Western Sahara occupied by it. Besides, the Mediterranean Sea is a global strategic point, and in the event of hostilities between these countries, thousands of Moroccans and Algerians scattered across Europe, and many European countries along with them, would be drawn into the conflict. An attack that Algeria says "will not go unpunished" killed three Algerian nationals earlier this week, and now Algiers is accusing its neighbour Morocco of being behind it. How did France lose the Algerian War? Algeria is Africas largest country, positioning itself as a regional power with its own principles. NATO: Finland forges ahead of Sweden toward membership, Ukraine updates: Zelenskyy calls for ICC Russia probe, Russian troops step up fight to cut off Bakhmut supply lines. A presidential statement confirms that Tebboune had given the order to not renew the contract "in light of the hostile behavior of the (Moroccan) kingdom which undermines national unity.". All rights reserved. [5] Morocco's invasion proved to be a diplomatic blunder, as the other Arab and African states refused to recognize its border claims. Algeria is a strategically located country with which the United States engages on diplomatic, law enforcement, economic, and security matters. First, it should not be forgotten that such an escalation between these countries could hit gas prices, which could be particularly painful for Europe. Kick-off Times; Kick-off times are converted to your local PC time. The Moroccan overture involved more than just the dismissal of the Spanish foreign minister. So far, Morocco has denied any involvement in the bombings that took . 30. May 30, 2021 05:00 JST. Zerg rush do a barrel roll google gravity? The Sand War led to heightened tensions between the two countries for several decades. Moroccos rapprochement with Israel, following the resumption of their diplomatic relations as part of a deal struck with the active participation of the US in December 2020, is highly criticized in Algeria. Algeria's foreign policy is driven by pragmatism. King Hassan II of Morocco visited Algiers in March 1963 to discuss the undefined borders, but Algeria's President Ahmed Ben Bella believed the matter should be resolved at a later date. By Andrew G. Farrand. That's a relief for everyone, fans or not. "There might be some effort to whip up support domestically and to try and create an enemy which therefore empowers the Algerian elite and the regime again. Over the past fifteen years alone, Algeria has signed a series of major arms purchase contracts with Russia, including Su-30 fighter jets, S-300, S-400 and Pantsir-S1 air defense systems, as well as a batch of 600 T-90S tanks and some 300 Terminator infantry support fighting vehicles. The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian Revolution or the Algerian War of Independence, and sometimes in Algeria as the War of 1 November, was fought between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (French: Front de Libration Nationale - FLN) from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its . The views expressed in this article belong to the author and do not necessarily reflect the editorial policy of Middle East Eye. The Algerian and Moroccan militaries rank second and fifth in Africa, respectively, and shell out dizzying sums to acquire the latest equipment. Zunes, Stephen (1995). In line with its idea of sovereignty, Algeria views the conflicts taking place in these countries as their internal affairs, which external players should not interfere in. Aziz Chahir est docteur en sciences politiques et enseignant-chercheur Sal, au Maroc. Called the War of the Sands, this war refers to the attack of the Algerian army on Moroccan troops which caused the death of 12 Moroccan soldiers. Next, the monarch stepped up the modernisation of the kingdoms armed forces, in response in particular to the Arab Spring uprisings that saw the toppling of several of the regions authoritarian regimes. [4] In case of war or state of siege, an additional force of 150,000 Reservists[citation needed] and paramilitary forces, including 24,000 regulars of the Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie and 30,000 Auxiliary Forces come under the Ministry of Defense command.. About Morocco Army Arabic :The Royal Moroccan Army (Arabic: ) . 215 195 20 . Mohamed Arkoun, a famous Algerian philosopher, recognizes the fact that while modern Algeria was born in the 1960's, Morocco had been a well-known and an established empire/country for centuries before that. Morocco and Algeria: Is a military showdown coming? [16], The French 19th Army Corps' Oran and Algiers divisions fought the At Khabbash, a fraction of the At Ounbgui khams of the At Atta confederation. The Algerian civil war . It is plain to see that neither Morocco nor Algeria want a full-blown conflict, as it would have disastrous consequences. China has become one of the most influential economic partners with Algeria - a nation for whom Islam remains at the centre of state politics. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statutes that might otherwise be infringing. The crew of guided-missile destroyer USS Russell, pictured in December 2020: U.S. ships are manned by far more experienced personnel. The Moroccan policy of supposedly "reaching out" is perhaps a mere smokescreen aiming to hide the regimes true intentions - of forcing the Algerian generals to initiate hostilities. Following this first phase, the Moroccan monarch now seems to be wielding the hard power of military and economic pressure, in an attempted strategic play by Rabat to bend the will of Algiers. List of wars involving Morocco and the former entities that ruled the current Morocco. NEW YORK: Morocco and Algeria took their bitter dispute over Western Sahara to the UN General Assembly on Monday as they respectively addressed fellow world leaders. Germany: How does its Kazakh oil deal benefit Russia? In Algiers, Moroccos latest moves have been a clear source of tension at a time when Algerias once highly influential diplomatic corps is starting to pick up the pieces after 20 years of stagnation under former president Abdelaziz Bouteflikas regime. The Moroccan kingdom therefore continues to enjoy the support of the Americans, especially following the recognition by former US President Donald Trump of Moroccos claims to Western Sahara, in exchange for thenormalisationof relations between Morocco and Israel. I would guess Morocco, 1-0 with a goal just before halftime. 1963 conflict between Algeria and Morocco, Article 6 du trait, cit par Zartman, page 163, "Western Sahara: Nonviolent resistance as a last resort", List of modern conflicts in the Middle East, Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine, Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017present), 19471948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council, On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences, North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972, Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States, American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation, United States involvement in regime change, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sand_War&oldid=1141985959, Wars involving the states and peoples of Africa, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Reviews: 86% of readers found this page helpful, Address: 2865 Kasha Unions, West Corrinne, AK 05708-1071, Hobby: Graffiti, Foreign language learning, Gambling, Metalworking, Rowing, Sculling, Sewing. World Military Loop 721 subscribers Subscribe 3.7K views 11 months ago #military #Morocco #Algeria In this video, we have. 40. In August 2021, Algeria's foreign minister, Ramdane Lamamra, announced that Algiers was severing . October 1963: Algeria and Morocco confronted each other militarily over a border dispute in the so-called Sand War in October 1963 following Algeria's independence on July 5, 1962. The war ended in 1962, when Algeria gained independence following the Evian agreements in March 1962 and the self-determination referendum in July 1962. Morocco controls 80% of the Western Sahara, Algeria supports the independence movementPolisario Front. The military subsequently became the main political force in Algeria, taking an active part in domestic politics. While Tebboune has been upfront that his country would go to war with Morocco, both experts believe that there is actually little reason to fear an armed conflict at the moment. The Sand War led to heightened tensions between the two countries for several decades. In the case of UNFP, its leader, Mehdi Ben Barka, sided with Algeria, and was sentenced to death in absentia as a result. Source : wikipedia.org worlddata.infoGlobalfirepower================ About Morocco Army English :The Royal Moroccan Army (Arabic: Al-Quwwat al-Bariyah al-Malakiyah al-Maghribiyah, Standard Moroccan Tamazight: tasrdast tagldant) is the branch of the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations.The Royal Moroccan Army is about 215,000 troops strong and consists of 195,000 professional soldiers and 20,000 conscripts. Saudi Arabia. Analysts however doubt that an escalation is imminent. [32], French sources reported Algerian casualties to be 60 dead and 250 wounded,[6] with later works giving a number of 300 Algerian dead. For this reason, Algeria is extremely wary of attempts by NATO, especially France, the US and Britain, to interfere both in its internal affairs and those of other countries. The Sand War or the Sands War (Arabic: , romanized: arb ar-Riml) was a border conflict between Algeria and Morocco in October 1963. On the side of the Allies, approximately 290,000 Algerian soldiers fought in the French Expeditionary Corps between 1943 and 1945, participating in the Italian campaign of 1943 and the invasion of southern France in 1944. [23] Terms of this agreement included a reaffirmation of the previously established borders in Algeria's favor and restoration of the status quo. Although relations between Algeria and Morocco have never been smooth and rosy, recently they have turned from semi-cold to open hostility. [29], Despite internal discontent with the Algerian government, most of the country supported the war effort, which Algerians generally perceived as an act of Moroccan aggression. Over the past few decades, both countries have been actively purchasing modern high-tech weapons and constantly building up their defense capabilities. What did the US do in the Algerian War? There are expansion plans for that, but they're not due for completion until the end of this year at the absolute earliest," Gower said, adding"there is no back-up plan. Dubbed North Africa's new 'Cold War', the tensions between Morocco and neighboring Algeria threaten to escalate and the consequences of this have a lot more to do with Western meddling in the affairs of the two countries than meets the eye. Posted on Wednesday, 3 March 2021 22:49. What is happening between Morocco and Algeria? I personally think that these kind of questions are simply pointless. 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